What is Multiplying by Ten?

S0-SA1-0540

Grade Level:

Class 2

Maths, Computing, Place Value

Definition

What is it?

Multiplying by ten means you are taking a number and making it ten times bigger. It's like having 10 groups of that number. A simple trick is to just add a zero to the end of the number you are multiplying.

Simple Example

Quick Example

Imagine you have 3 cricket balls. If you multiply your cricket balls by ten, you will have 30 cricket balls. We just put a '0' after the '3' to get '30'.

Worked Example

Step-by-Step

Let's multiply 7 by 10.

1. Start with the number: 7
---2. We want to make it ten times bigger, so we are multiplying by 10.
---3. The easiest way to multiply any whole number by 10 is to just add a zero to the end of the number.
---4. So, take 7 and add a '0' at the end.
---5. This gives us 70.

Answer: 7 x 10 = 70

Why It Matters

Understanding how to multiply by ten is super important for quickly calculating things in daily life and in higher maths. It's a basic building block for understanding place value, larger number operations, and even used in computing for data calculations. Many jobs, from shopkeepers to scientists, use this concept every day.

Common Mistakes

MISTAKE: Adding 10 instead of multiplying by 10 (e.g., 5 x 10 = 15) | CORRECTION: Remember that multiplying means making a number many times bigger, not just adding a small amount. Adding a zero to the end is the correct trick for multiplying by 10.

MISTAKE: Confusing multiplication by 10 with division by 10 (e.g., 40 x 10 = 4) | CORRECTION: Multiplying by 10 makes the number larger (adds a zero), while dividing by 10 makes it smaller (removes a zero or moves the decimal).

MISTAKE: Forgetting to apply the 'add a zero' rule when multiplying by 10 (e.g., 8 x 10 = 8) | CORRECTION: Always remember the simple trick: to multiply a whole number by 10, just write down the number and then add a zero at its end.

Practice Questions

Try It Yourself

QUESTION: A chaiwala sells 6 cups of chai every hour. If he works for 10 hours, how many cups of chai does he sell? | ANSWER: 60 cups

QUESTION: If one packet of biscuits costs ₹8, how much would 10 packets cost? | ANSWER: ₹80

QUESTION: Rahul scored 5 marks in a quiz. His friend, Priya, scored 10 times more marks than Rahul. How many marks did Priya score? | ANSWER: 50 marks

MCQ

Quick Quiz

What is 12 multiplied by 10?

120

1210

102

The Correct Answer Is:

When you multiply 12 by 10, you simply add a zero to the end of 12, which gives you 120. Options B, C, and D are incorrect calculations.

Real World Connection

In the Real World

Imagine you are a shopkeeper using a calculator. If you buy 10 identical items, and each costs ₹15, you quickly multiply 15 by 10 to find the total cost is ₹150. Or, if you have 5 rupees notes and want to know how much money you have if you get 10 times that amount, you can quickly calculate ₹50.

Key Vocabulary

Key Terms

MULTIPLY: To increase a number by a certain number of times | PLACE VALUE: The value of a digit based on its position in a number (e.g., in 70, the 7 is in the tens place) | ZERO: The digit '0' which often helps in multiplication by 10 | PRODUCT: The result of multiplication

What's Next

What to Learn Next

Great job learning about multiplying by ten! Next, you should explore 'Multiplying by Hundred'. It builds on this concept, and you'll see a similar pattern that makes calculations even faster!