Agnirva Space Premier League - Expedition #30867: Breathing Easy in Space: How the Four Bed CO2 Scrubber Keeps the ISS Safe

Life in space means life in a closed loop—and managing the air astronauts breathe is mission-critical. The Four Bed CO2 Scrubber is an advanced air revitalization system tested across multiple ISS expeditions to ensure carbon dioxide doesn’t accumulate to harmful levels.

On Earth, we take fresh air for granted. In space, the air is recycled, and CO2—exhaled with every breath—can quickly reach toxic concentrations. The Four Bed CO2 Scrubber employs four beds filled with absorbent materials that trap and remove CO2, operating in cycles to continuously clean the air.

Led by Dr. Greg Cmarik and developed by NASA's Johnson and Marshall Space Centers, the technology uses a combination of zeolites and thermal control systems to capture and release CO2 efficiently. It’s been tested and refined across Expeditions 65 through 73, showcasing long-term durability and effectiveness.

This scrubber is a leap forward in making closed-loop life support systems more reliable, especially for future missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond. Reliable CO2 removal ensures crew safety and comfort, while reducing reliance on consumable materials.

By mimicking and improving upon natural Earth processes, this tech keeps astronauts healthy and ready for science and exploration.

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