Agnirva Space Premier League - Expedition #30904: Probing DNA Repair in Microgravity: The Genes in Space-2 Project

Genes in Space-2 expanded our understanding of how microgravity affects DNA repair mechanisms in living cells. Created by high school student Julian Rubinfien and supported by researchers from MIT, the project built upon earlier space genetic studies to probe how cells cope with DNA damage in orbit.

The primary focus was on the gene expression of repair enzymes after DNA damage occurs. Cells constantly experience DNA damage due to environmental stressors, but in space, the challenge is greater due to elevated radiation and altered cell behavior. Genes in Space-2 aimed to measure changes in key DNA repair genes during spaceflight using the miniPCR tool.

Astronauts conducted the experiment aboard the ISS by preparing DNA samples, triggering simulated damage, and amplifying the resulting gene sequences. The data helped determine whether specific genes are upregulated or suppressed in microgravity conditions, offering insights into cellular resilience.

These findings are essential for planning safe long-duration missions, as DNA repair is directly linked to cancer risk, tissue degeneration, and overall cell health. By performing such complex molecular biology experiments in space, Genes in Space-2 demonstrated the power of student-led research to solve real-world problems.

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